Implant extractor

ABSTRACT

An implant extractor that includes an elongated body having a proximal end for attachment to an extraction device, a first arm extending from the elongated body, and a second arm pivotably connected to the first arm. The second arm includes a moment arm for generating a torque about a distal end of the second arm. The implant extractor further includes a force applicator operatively connected to the first arm and the moment arm to apply a force to one or more of the first and second arms.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application claims the benefit of U.S. ProvisionalApplication No. 62/790,176, filed Jan. 9, 2019 and U.S. ProvisionalApplication No. 62/909,995, filed Oct. 3, 2019, each of theseprior-filed provisional applications being hereby incorporated byreference in their entirety as if part of the present disclosure.

BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE

The exemplary embodiments of the subject disclosure relate generally toa surgical extraction tool and, more specifically, to a tool forextracting an implant from bone.

SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, the subject disclosureprovides an implant extractor that includes an elongated body having aproximal end for attachment to an extraction device, a first armextending from the elongated body, and a second arm pivotably connectedto the first arm. The second arm includes a moment arm for generating atorque about a distal end of the second arm. The implant extractorfurther includes a force applicator operatively connected to the firstarm and the moment arm to apply a force to one of the first and secondarms.

In an exemplary embodiment, the first arm is integrally formed with theelongated body. In one embodiment, the first arm includes a first armsegment, and a second arm segment. The second arm segment can extendfrom the first arm segment and/or have a longitudinal axis at an angleof about 80° to about 160° relative to a longitudinal axis of the firstarm segment. The first arm can further include a tail end extendinglaterally of first and second arm segments.

In another exemplary embodiment, the proximal end of the second arm ispositioned directly above the tail end of the first arm. In oneembodiment, the second arm further includes a distal arm segment havinga longitudinal axis of about 80° to about 160° relative to alongitudinal axis of the moment arm. In one embodiment, one of the firstarm and second arm extends through the other of the first arm and secondarm.

In an exemplary embodiment, the force applicator includes a screwdisplacement device. In one embodiment, the screw displacement deviceincludes a longitudinal axis substantially parallel to a longitudinalaxis of the elongated body.

In another exemplary embodiment, the implant extractor includes a firstjaw releasably attachable to a distal end of the first arm, and a secondjaw releasably attachable to the distal end of the second arm. In oneembodiment, a latch is provided for releasably retaining the first jawto the distal end of the first arm or the second jaw to the distal endof the second arm. In one embodiment, a distal portion of at least oneof the first and second jaws is substantially cup-shaped, substantiallycylinder-shaped, substantially prong-shaped, substantiallytoothed-shaped, substantially conical, substantially J-shaped,substantially boot-shaped, substantially curved, or substantiallydog-leg in shape.

In an exemplary embodiment, the elongated body includes an attachmentmechanism to attach to an extraction device. In certain embodiments, theattachment mechanism can include a quick connect and/or a polygonalshaped base for attachment with a cooperating striking member.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

The following detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of thesubject disclosure will be better understood when read in conjunctionwith the appended drawings. For the purpose of illustrating the presentdisclosure, there is shown in the drawings exemplary embodiments. Itshould be understood, however, that the subject application is notlimited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown.

FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of an implant extractor in accordancewith an exemplary embodiment of the subject disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a rear perspective view of the implant extractor of FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 3 is a front perspective view of an elongated body and first arm ofthe implant extractor of FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 4 is a rear perspective view of the elongated body and first arm ofFIG. 3 ;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an outer surface of a first arm plate ofthe implant extractor of FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 6 is another perspective view of an inner surface of the first armplate of FIG. 5 ;

FIG. 7 is a front perspective view of the elongated body and first armassembly of the implant extractor of FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 8 is a rear perspective view of the elongated body and first arm ofFIG. 7 ;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged partial perspective view of FIG. 8 with certainportions shown in phantom for purposes of illustration;

FIG. 10 is a bottom perspective view of a second arm of the implantextractor of FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 11 is another bottom perspective view of the second arm of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the second arm of FIG. 1 , with certainportions shown in phantom for purposes of illustration;

FIG. 13 is an isolated perspective view of a portion of the second armof FIG. 1 and a jaw;

FIG. 14 is an isolated front view of an inner surface of the second armof FIG. 13 ;

FIG. 15 is a side view of a left arm of the second arm of FIG. 13 ;

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a force applicator of the implantextractor of FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 17 is a partial perspective view of a proximal end of the elongatedbody of FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 18 is an elevational view of FIG. 17 ;

FIG. 19 is another elevational view of FIG. 17 ;

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of an exemplary extraction deviceapplicable to the implant extractor of FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 21 is a bottom view of the extraction device of FIG. 20 ;

FIG. 22 is a perspective view of a striking member applicable to theimplant extractor of FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 23 is a perspective view of a first jaw and/or a second jawaccording to an exemplary embodiment of the subject disclosureapplicable to the implant extractor of FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 24 is a perspective view of a first jaw and/or a second jawaccording to another exemplary embodiment of the subject disclosureapplicable to the implant extractor of FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 25 is a perspective view of a first jaw and/or a second jawaccording to another exemplary embodiment of the subject disclosureapplicable to the implant extractor of FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 26 is a perspective view of a first jaw and/or a second jawaccording to another exemplary embodiment of the subject disclosureapplicable to the implant extractor of FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 27 is an elevational view of the jaw of FIG. 26 ;

FIG. 28 is a perspective view of a first jaw and/or a second jawaccording to another exemplary embodiment of the subject disclosureapplicable to the implant extractor of FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 29 is a perspective view of a first jaw and/or a second jawaccording to another exemplary embodiment of the subject disclosureapplicable to the implant extractor of FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 30 is an elevational view of the jaw of FIG. 29 ;

FIG. 31 is a perspective view of the jaw of FIG. 29 ;

FIG. 32 is a perspective view of a first jaw and/or a second jawaccording to another exemplary embodiment of the subject disclosureapplicable to the implant extractor of FIG. 1 ; and

FIG. 33 is a perspective view of a first jaw and/or a second jawaccording to another exemplary embodiment of the subject disclosureapplicable to the implant extractor of FIG. 1 .

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE

Reference will now be made in detail to an exemplary embodiment of thesubject disclosure illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Whereverpossible, the same or like reference numbers will be used throughout thedrawings to refer to the same or like features. It should be noted thatthe drawings are in simplified form and are not drawn to precise scale.In reference to the disclosure herein, for purposes of convenience andclarity only, directional terms such as upper, lower, top, bottom,above, below and diagonal, are used with respect to the accompanyingdrawings. Such directional terms used in conjunction with the followingdescription of the drawings should not be construed to limit the scopeof the subject disclosure in any manner not explicitly set forth.Additionally, the term “a,” as used in the specification, means “atleast one.” The terminology includes the words above specificallymentioned, derivatives thereof, and words of similar import.

“About” as used herein when referring to a measurable value such as anamount, a temporal duration, and the like, is meant to encompassvariations of ±20%, ±10%, ±5%, ±1%, or ±0.1% from the specified value,as such variations are appropriate.

“Substantially” as used herein shall mean considerable in extent,largely but not wholly that which is specified, or an appropriatevariation therefrom as is acceptable within the field of art.

Throughout the subject application, various aspects thereof can bepresented in a range format. It should be understood that thedescription in range format is merely for convenience and brevity andshould not be construed as an inflexible limitation on the scope of thesubject disclosure. Accordingly, the description of a range should beconsidered to have specifically disclosed all the possible subranges aswell as individual numerical values within that range. For example,description of a range such as from 1 to 6 should be considered to havespecifically disclosed subranges such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6 etc., as well asindividual numbers within that range, for example, 1, 2, 2.7, 3, 4, 5,5.3, and 6. This applies regardless of the breadth of the range.

Furthermore, the described features, advantages and characteristics ofthe exemplary embodiments of the subject disclosure may be combined inany suitable manner in one or more embodiments. One skilled in therelevant art will recognize, in light of the description herein, thatthe subject disclosure can be practiced without one or more of thespecific features or advantages of a particular exemplary embodiment. Inother instances, additional features and advantages may be recognized incertain embodiments that may not be present in all exemplary embodimentsof the present disclosure.

Referring now to the drawings, FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate an implantextractor 100 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the presentdisclosure. The implant extractor 100 comprises an elongated body 102having an attachment mechanism 103 for attachment to an extractiondevice 101 about a proximal end 104 of the elongated body 102. Theextraction device can include, without limitation, one or more of aT-handle extraction device 101 (FIGS. 20 and 21 ), a striking member 193(FIG. 22 ) or any other extraction device capable of applying anextraction force to the implant extractor 100.

With reference to FIG. 3 , the elongated body 102 has a distal end 175opposite the proximal end 104. A first arm 107 extends from theelongated body 102. As will be discussed in greater detail below, inthis particular embodiment, at least a portion of the first arm 107 isintegrally formed with the elongated body 102 (see, e.g., FIGS. 2 and 3). Thus, in this particular embodiment, the elongated body is integrallyformed with a portion of the first arm. Alternatively, the first arm 107and the elongated body 102 can be provided as completely separatecomponents that can be connected together e.g., in a rigid or pivotableconnection.

A second arm 108 is pivotably connected to the first arm 107. The secondarm 108 includes a moment arm 105 for generating a torque about a distalend 110 of the second arm 108. A force applicator 126 is operativelyconnected to the first arm 107 and the moment arm 105 of the second arm108 to apply a force to one of the first and second arms.

A first jaw 112 is releasably attachable to the distal end 106 of thefirst arm 107 and a second jaw 113 is releasably attachable to thedistal end 110 of the second arm 108. The first jaw 112 and second jaw113 are modular and capable of being interchanged based on, for example,the shape of the implant to be extracted and the particular revisionsurgery being performed. Exemplary first and second jaws 112 a-h, 113a-h according to particular exemplary embodiments are set forth in FIGS.23-33 and are discussed in greater detail below, though aspects of thepresent disclosure are not limited to particular configurations showntherein.

The elongated body 102 has the first arm 107 extending therefrom, asshown in isolated detail in FIGS. 3-10 , with a front side 125 shown inFIG. 3 and a back side 127 shown in FIG. 4 . An attachment mechanism 103is provided about and/or adjacent to the proximal end 104 of theelongated body 102. As will be discussed in greater detail below inconnection with FIGS. 17-19 , the attachment mechanism can include aquick connect.

With reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 , the elongated body 102 has a proximalend 104 and a distal end 175. More particularly, the elongated bodycurves outwardly at a bend 109 (e.g., a S-shaped bend) from a centralaxis 123 of the attachment mechanism 103 to a main body 111 of theelongated body 102. This main body 111 defines a longitudinal axis 117of the elongated body 102 that is laterally offset from the central axis123 of the attachment mechanism owing to the bend 109.

A first arm segment 115 extends from the distal end 175 of the elongatedbody and curves inwardly or laterally from the main body 111 terminatingtoward an end 128 at a position further laterally than the central axis123 of the attachment mechanism 103. The first arm curves laterally inthe same direction the longitudinal axis of the attachment mechanism islaterally offset from the longitudinal axis of the main body. The firstarm 107 includes a right arm 115 a and a left arm 115 b thatcollectively form the first arm. The first arm is also defined by afirst arm segment 115 (or proximal end segment) and a second arm segment121 (or distal arm segment).

As shown in FIG. 3 , the first arm segment 115 defines a centerlongitudinal axis 197 and the second arm segment 121 defines a centerlongitudinal axis 198. The second arm segment 121 of the first arm 107extends from the first arm segment 115 at an angle, a, distally from thefirst arm segment 115. The second arm segment 121 of the first armdefines a center longitudinal axis 198. The aforementioned angle, a,between longitudinal axis 197 and longitudinal axis 198 can range incertain exemplary embodiments from about 10° to about 170°, or fromabout 80° to about 160°, or from about 90° to about 150°, or from about100° to about 140° (e.g., 100°, 101°, 102°, 103°, 104°, 105°, 106°,107°, 108°, 109°, 110°, 111°, 112°, 113°, 114°, 115°, 116°, 117°, 118°,119°, 120°, 121°, 122°, 123°, 124°, 125°, 126°, 127°, 128°, 129°, 130°,131°, 132°, 133°, 134°, 135°, 136°, 137°, 138°, 139°, 140°).

A tail end 128 of the first arm 107 extends laterally from both thefirst arm segment 115 and the second arm segment 121 of the first arm107. In other words, the tail end 128 is the lateral most end of theimplant extractor from the elongated body 102.

Referring back to FIG. 3 , an outwardly projecting pin 154 is providedalong the main body 111 of the elongated body along the front side 125,and a second outwardly projecting pin 156 is provided along the secondarm segment 121 of the first arm 107 along its front side 125. A throughhole 170 is also provided between projecting pins 154 and 156 along thelongitudinal axis 198 of the first arm segment 115. A second throughhole 172 is provided near the tail end 128 of the first arm 107.

A left arm or plate 115 b of the first arm 107 (FIGS. 5-7 ) is securedto the right arm 115 a, and has an overall profile that corresponds inshape to the right arm 115 a. A pair of through holes 158, 160 areprovided in the plate 115 b, respectively located about a proximal and adistal end of the plate. The through holes are shaped to receive theoutwardly projecting pins 154, 156 on the elongated body 102 and rightarm 115 a. Situated between through holes 158, 160 in the plate 115 b isanother through hole 162 configured to receive a pivot shaft 164, asshown best in FIG. 9 . As will be explained below, the pivot shaft 154defines a joint 120 between the first arm 107 and the second arm 108.Another through hole 174 is provided in a position corresponding to thesecond through hole 172 about the tail end 128 of the right arm 115 a.

FIGS. 7-8 depict the first arm 107 fully assembled with the elongatedbody 102. As assembled, a recess 129 is provided between the right andleft arms of the first arm 107 to allow passage and movement of thesecond arm 108 therethough. The pivot shaft 164 traverses the recess129. The pivot shaft 164 has a first enlarged end 166 (FIG. 7 ) forsecuring the plate 115 b and a second enlarged end 168 (FIG. 8 ) forretaining a right arm segment 108 a of the second arm 108. Thus, asassembled, the second arm 108 extends through the first arm 107 aboutpivot shaft 164.

Referring to FIG. 8 , a cross-member 176 is positioned towards or at thetail end 128 of the first arm 107. The cross-member 176 includesoppositely faced pins 139, 140 that are received by through hole 172 ofthe right arm 115 a and through hole 174 of the plate 115 b. Thecross-member includes an orifice 137 shaped to receive a shaft, e.g., arecessed, non-threaded portion 133 of a shaft 135 of the forceapplicator 126, described in greater detail below.

The distal end 106 of the first arm 107 includes a first socket 116 forreleasably receiving a proximal end of the first jaw 112 and a firstlatch 118 for releasably securing the first jaw thereto. FIG. 9 shows anenlarged view of the first latch 118 for releasably securing a first jaw112 to the first socket 116.

In this exemplary embodiment, the first latch 116 includes a slidableactuator 119 moveable between first and second latching and unlatchingpositions to lock and unlock the first jaw 112 in position within thefirst socket 116. The slidable actuator 119 is operatively engaged witha biased latch member 178 to allow the latch member to be moved againstthe bias of a biasing member (not shown). In this particular embodiment,the slidable actuator 119 has a back side to which the latch member 178is fixedly connected.

The latch member 178 releasably engages with a notch 179 provided on aproximal end 177 of the first jaw 112 (FIGS. 23-32 ) to releasablyretain the first jaw 112 to the first socket 116. As shown best in FIG.9 , the latch member 178 is shaped to contain a projecting notch 141that is biased to fit inside the complimentarily shaped female notch 179of the first jaw. Other latch configurations can be provided toreleasably retain the jaw in accordance with the subject disclosure.

FIGS. 1, 2 and 10-15 show an exemplary structure of the second arm 108.The second arm 108 is formed from a right arm segment 108 a and a leftarm segment 108 b and collectively forms a bent second arm 108. Thesecond arm 108 has a first section that defines the moment arm 105 and adistal arm segment 147. The moment arm 105 is defined to be that part ofthe first section from its proximal end 136 to a through hole 143 aboutwhich the second arm is pivotably connected to the first arm. Referringto FIG. 14 , a center longitudinal axis 148 of the distal arm segmentextends at an angle, β, of from about 10° to about 180°, or from about80° to about 160°, or from about 90° to about 150°, or from about 100°to about 140° (e.g., 100°, 101°, 102°, 103°, 104°, 105°, 106°, 107°,108°, 109°, 110°, 111°, 112°, 113°, 114°, 115°, 116°, 117°, 118°, 119°,120°, 121°, 122°, 123°, 124°, 125°, 126°, 127°, 128°, 129°, 130°, 131°,132°, 133°, 134°, 135°, 136°, 137°, 138°, 139°, 140°), relative to acenter longitudinal axis 149 of the moment arm 105 or first section.

The second arm 108 includes a through hole 143 shaped to receive thepivot shaft 164. Projecting pins 144, 145 are provided as shown in FIGS.10, 14 and 15 to secure the left arm 108 b thereto. The second arm 108is pivotably connected to the first arm 107 via the pivot 164 (thatdefines joint 120).

The second arm 108 includes the proximal end 136 which carries across-member 182. The cross-member 182 has a similar structure ascross-member 176 and includes oppositely faced pins 150, 153. Pin 150 isreceived by a through hole 155 in the right arm 108 a and pin 153 isreceived by through hole 142 of the left arm 108 b. The cross-member 182further includes a bore 184, e.g., an internally threaded boreconfigured to threadedly engage with a threaded portion 186 of a shaftof the force applicator 126, as described below.

The distal end 110 of the second arm 108 includes a second latch 124 forreleasably securing the second jaw 113 thereto. The second latch 124includes a second socket 122 for releasably receiving the proximal end177 of the second jaw 113.

FIG. 12 shows an enlarged view of the second latch 124 for releasablysecuring the second jaw 113 to the second socket 122. The second latch124 is similar to the first latch 118, described above. The second latch124 includes a slidable actuator 188 moveable between first and secondlatching and unlatching positions to lock and unlock the second jaw 113.The slidable actuator 188 is operatively connected with a biased latchmember 190 to allow the latch member 190 to be moved against the bias ofa compression spring (not shown) or other biasing member. Moreparticularly, in this particular embodiment, the slidable actuator 188has a back side to which a biased latch member 190 is fixedly connected.The latch member 190, via a projecting notch 157, releasably engageswith a notch 179 provided on a proximal end 177 of the second jaw 113 toreleasably secure the second jaw 113 to the second socket 122.

Referring back to FIGS. 1 and 2 , the force applicator 126 isoperatively connected to the first arm and the moment arm to apply aforce to one of the first and second arms. For example, the forceapplicator can provide an upward force F on the proximal end 136 of thesecond arm 108. Although the force applicator is described below inconnection with a screw displacement device, other force applicators canbe provided to apply a force to one or both of the first and second armsin accordance with presently disclosed subject matter.

An exemplary force applicator 126 is shown in FIG. 16 . The forceapplicator 126 includes a thumb screw 130 operatively connected with ashaft 135. The outer periphery of the thumb screw 130 contains one ormore orifices 159 shaped to receive a shaft of a tool (e.g., a shaft ofa screwdriver) to provide torque on the thumbscrew 130. The shaft 135 ofthe force applicator 126 includes a proximal threaded portion 186 and arecessed, non-threaded portion 133 having a circular longitudinalcross-sectional shape. The shaft 135 has a longitudinal axis 199 whichin this exemplary embodiment is parallel to the longitudinal axis 117 ofthe elongated body.

The force applicator 126 has a distal end 132 about which a knob 131 isprovided to retain the cross-member 176. The recessed, non-threadedportion 133 of the shaft 135 is provided between the knob 131 and thethreaded portion 186 of the shaft. This recessed, non-threaded portion133 of the shaft 135 is rotatably received by orifice 137 in thecross-member 176 (FIGS. 7 and 8 ). The cross-member 176 is attached tothe tail end 128 of the first arm 107. The threaded portion 186 of theshaft 135 threadedly engages with the threaded bore 184 of thecross-member 182 of the second arm 108 for axial translation of theproximal end 136 of the second arm 108 about the threaded portion 186 ofthe shaft 135 upon rotation of the thumb screw 130. As shown asassembled in FIG. 2 , the proximal end 136 of the second arm 108 can bepositioned directly above the tail end 128 of the first arm, eachcentered about the shaft 135 and longitudinal axis 132 of the forceapplicator 126.

In operation, rotation of the thumb screw 130 in the clockwise direction134 of the double headed arrow in FIG. 1 causes the cross-member 182 atthe proximal end 136 of the second arm 108 to raise along the threadedportion 186 of the shaft 135 of the force applicator 126 and the distalend 110 of the second arm 108 to pivot toward the distal end 106 of thefirst arm 107. In so doing, the second jaw 113 carried by the distal end110 of the second arm 108 moves toward the first jaw 112 carried by thedistal end 106 of the first arm 107 until the first jaw 112 and thesecond jaw 113 come into clamping engagement with an unillustratedimplant to be extracted (e.g., clamping engagement with a shoulderimplant implanted into the humerus for purposes of shoulder revisionsurgery). Once the first and second jaws are firmly engaged with theimplant, an extraction force can be applied by the extraction device toextract the implant from the bone in which it resides.

When the force applicator 126 provides a upward force, F, on theproximal end 136 of the second arm 108, the force is directed at themoment arm 105, which is that part of the second arm from the proximalend 136 to joint 120. Joint 120 is formed through through hole 143 ofthe left arm.

The implant extractor of the subject disclosure provides a leveradvantage due to its configuration. More particularly, as shown forexample in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the moment arm 105, from the proximal end 136to the joint 120 is significantly longer than any other arm segment fromthe joint 120. For example, with reference to FIG. 2 , the length of thefunctional moment arm “M” can be at least 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, or 2.0 timeslonger than the length “A” of the second arm. Length “M” is measuredfrom the line action of force provided by the force applicator 126 tojoint 120, length “A” is measured from joint 120 to the centerlongitudinal axis 148 of the distal arm segment 147.

Stated differently, as can be readily seen, for example, in FIGS. 1, 2and 14 , the moment arm 105 is longer than, (a) a distance of the firstarm from the distal end 175 of the elongated body to the joint 120, (b)a distance of the first arm from the joint 120 to the distal end 106 ofthe first arm, and (c) the distance of the second arm from the joint 120to the distal end 110 of the second arm. The longer moment arm 105relative to all other moment arm lengths to the first and second armswill provide relatively higher torques on the second jaw 113 which inturn will provide a higher clamping force to the implant to beextracted.

FIGS. 17-19 depict the proximal end 104 of the elongated body, whichincludes a quick connect 161. In this illustrative embodiment, the quickconnect 161 includes a relatively small circular cross-section about thetop 163 of the quick connect. A flare 165 extends distally from the top163 to a first post 167 of the quick connect. The first post 167 has anoval or racetrack cross-sectional shape similar in size andcross-sectional shape to a second post 169 that is co-axial to the firstpost 167. An annular recess 171 is provided between the first post 167and the second post 169 having a significantly smaller diameter thanfirst and second posts. In this particular embodiment, the annularrecess 171 has an oval or racetrack cross-sectional shape, though otherconfigurations could be provided.

The second post 169 of the quick connect 161 is mounted or extends froma polygonal shaped block 173, which in this particular embodiment is inthe shape of a regular octagon. The polygonal shaped block 173 ismounted or extends from a circular base 181. The circular base 181 has adiameter that exceeds the width of the polygonal shaped block to providea plateau 183 which can support an extraction device (e.g., a base plateor striking plate).

FIGS. 20-21 depict an exemplary extraction device 101, which is in theform of a T-handle. The extraction device connects with the attachmentmechanism 103 about the proximal end 104 of the elongated body 102 via acooperating quick connect 187 located about a distal end of the T-handleand including an orifice 192. The cooperating quick connect 187 includesan actuator 189 that is biased by a spring or other biasing mechanism(not shown). In the normally biased position shown in FIG. 21 , anactuator aperture 191 is not aligned with a channel provided by theorifice 192 such that the channel provided by orifice 192 is partiallyobstructed by the spring-biased actuator 189. As the quick connect ofthe elongated body 102 is inserted into the cooperating quick connect187 of the T-handle 101, the flare 113 will advance the actuatoraperture 191 against the bias of a spring or other biasing member toforce the actuator aperture in co-alignment with the channel provided byorifice 192 to accommodate the distally increasing diameter of the quickconnect. Once the actuator reaches the annular recess 171 of the quickconnect, the actuator 189 is allowed to return to its normally biasedposition, in which the channel provided by orifice 192 is againpartially obstructed. The partially obstructed channel does not allowmovement of the T-handle owing to the relatively larger diameters of thefirst post 167 and the second post 169 of the quick connect, and theT-handle is locked into place. To remove the T-handle, the actuator 189is depressed to co-align the actuator aperture 191 with the channelprovided by orifice 192 and allow the first post 167 to clear theactuator 189.

FIG. 22 discloses another extraction device in the form of a strikingmember or striking plate 193. The striking member 193 includes anaperture 194 that has a shape that corresponds to the shape of thepolygonal-shaped block 173, which in this exemplary embodiment is in theshape of a regular octagon. The striking member 193 has a pair ofopposite planar faces 195, 196 having an increasing width about an endopposite the aperture 194 to provide a surface for striking the strikingmember 193 with e.g., a surgical hammer (not shown). The striking member193 can be used alone, or in conjunction with a T-handle or otherextraction device. In other exemplary embodiments of the implantextractor, a striking member is not used.

Referring to FIGS. 23-33 , there are shown several exemplary, althoughnon-limiting, configurations of jaws 112, 113 that may be releasablyconnected to the first and second sockets 116 and 122 of the first arm107 and the second arm 108.

The proximal ends of jaws 112, 113 include male members 138 configuredto be received in the first and second sockets 116 and 122 of the firstarm 107 and the second arm 108. Notch 179, shaped complimentary to latchmembers 178, 190, is configured to receive the biased latch members 178,190 of the slidable actuators of the first and second latches 118, 124for the first and second jaws 112, 113.

The distal ends or portions 146 a-h of jaws 112 a-h, 113 a-h areconfigured to be substantially cup-shaped 146 a (FIG. 23 ),substantially curved 146 b (FIG. 24 ), J-shaped 146 c (FIG. 25 ),substantially boot-shaped 146 d (FIGS. 26-27 ), substantially cylinderor substantially vertical cylinder shaped 146 e (FIG. 28 ),substantially dog-leg shaped 146 f (FIGS. 29-31 ), substantiallytoothed-prong shaped 146 g (FIG. 32 ), or hooked-prong shaped 146 g(FIG. 33 ).

As for FIGS. 29-31 , the dog-leg shape is provided by a block-like upperportion 151 a connected at its lower end at an acute angle, y, ofbetween about 30-60 degrees to a lower gripping portion 151 b. Asillustrated in FIGS. 29-31 , the lower gripping portion 151 b can besubstantially cylindrical to substantially frustoconical in shape. It isunderstood that the user selects the appropriately shaped jaws forsecurement in the first and second sockets 116 and 122 of the first arm107 and the second arm 108 based on the configuration of the implant tobe extracted. Other configurations can be provided in accordance withthe subject disclosure.

In general, the jaws disclosed in FIGS. 23-33 are interchangeable, e.g.,any one of the disclosed jaw embodiments can be used as the first jaw112 or the second jaw 113. In one particular embodiment, the jawembodiment 112 g, 113 g shown in FIG. 32 is employed as the second jaw113 that is connected to the distal end of the second arm 108.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes could bemade to the exemplary embodiments described above without departing fromthe broad inventive concept thereof. It is to be understood, therefore,that this disclosure is not limited to the particular embodimentsdisclosed, but it is intended to cover modifications within the spiritand scope of the subject disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

1. An implant extractor comprising: an elongated body having a proximalend for attachment to an extraction device; a first arm fixedlyconnected to and extending laterally away from the elongated body; and asecond arm pivotably connected to the first arm, the second arm having amoment arm for generating a torque about a distal end of the second arm,wherein one of the first arm and second arm extends entirely through athrough-hole formed entirely by the other of the first arm and secondarm.
 2. The implant extractor of claim 1, wherein the first arm isintegrally formed with the elongated body.
 3. The implant extractor ofclaim 1, wherein the first arm comprises: a first arm segment; and asecond arm segment having a longitudinal axis at an angle of about 80°to about 160° relative to a longitudinal axis of the first arm segment.4. The implant extractor of claim 1, wherein the first arm comprises: afirst arm segment; a second arm segment extending from the first armsegment; and a tail end extending laterally of the first and second armsegments.
 5. The implant extractor of claim 4, wherein a proximal end ofthe second arm is positioned directly above the tail end of the firstarm.
 6. The implant extractor of claim 1, wherein the second arm furthercomprises distal arm segment having a longitudinal axis of about 80° toabout 160° relative to a longitudinal axis of the moment arm.
 7. Theimplant extractor of claim 1, further comprising a threaded connectorengaged with the first arm and the moment arm to apply a force to one ofthe first and second arms.
 8. The implant extractor of claim 7, whereinthe threaded connector comprises a screw displacement device.
 9. Theimplant extractor of claim 8, wherein the screw displacement deviceincludes a longitudinal axis substantially parallel to a longitudinalaxis of the elongated body.
 10. The implant extractor of claim 1,further comprising: a first jaw releasably attachable to a distal end ofthe first arm; and a second jaw releasably attachable to the distal endof the second arm.
 11. The implant extractor of claim 10, wherein adistal portion of at least one of the first and second jaws issubstantially cup-shaped, substantially cylinder-shaped, substantiallyprong-shaped, substantially toothed-shaped, substantially conical,substantially J-shaped, substantially boot-shaped, substantially curvedor substantially dog-leg in shape.
 12. The implant extractor of claim 1,wherein the first arm comprises a latch for releasably retaining thefirst jaw thereto.
 13. The implant extractor of claim 1, wherein theelongated body further comprises a quick connect to attach to anextraction device.
 14. The implant extractor of claim 13, wherein thequick connect comprises a polygonal shaped base for attachment with acooperating striking member.
 15. The implant extractor of claim 13,wherein the quick connect is laterally offset from the elongated body.16. The implant extractor of claim 1, wherein the second arm furthercomprises a distal arm segment having a longitudinal axis substantiallyparallel to a longitudinal axis of the elongated body.